Storytelling

Storytelling

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Term2.png STORYTELLING
Communication tool used in organizations, allowing individuals to share their knowledge and personal understanding with others through inspired narratives. Telling a story is a deceptively simple and familiar process, a way to evoke strong emotions and insights. The language used is authentic (experience, not fact oriented); it is the narrative form that most people find interesting and attractive. Storytelling has existed for thousands of years as a means of exchanging information and generating understanding. Using it as a deliberate tool for sharing knowledge within organizations is quite recent, but growing rapidly. Working with stories in organizational settings is more complicated but they provide powerful mechanisms to aid reflection, build communities, transfer practical learning or capitalize experiences. Storytelling has numerous advantages over more traditional communication techniques. It enables articulation of both emotional and factual content, allowing expression of tacit knowledge that might otherwise be difficult to share. Additionally, storytelling can increase the potential for meaningful knowledge sharing; by grounding facts in a narrative structure learning is more likely to take place and be passed on.

Potential applications of storytelling are:

  • Breaking down barriers between multidisciplinary or multi-cultural teams;
  • Team or community-building exercises;
  • Workshop warm-ups;
  • Trips debriefings and review;
  • Project reviews;
  • Monitoring systems
  • Entertainment and fun [1]


Toolkit.png Storytelling Techniques


General Guidelines

Choice of the story

  • Type of story:
    • Folktale, meaning a story from oral tradition
    • Literary Tale, by a single author, made for publishing
    • Real Life Story, form history and personal experiences
  • Characteristics of the story
    • It should be simple, with a single, clearly defined theme, and powerful
    • It should be in response to a demand, and timed with specific opportunities.
    • It should have a nice style, with vivid word picture, pleasing sounds and rhythm,
    • It should provide a solution to both immediate and broader problems;
    • It should be targeted at people with the power to make decisions and change things;
    • It should play to what is already in people’s mind.


Preparation

  • Read the story several times
  • Analyze the words, thinking about the pictures you want the listener to see and the mood you want to create.
  • Research background and cultural meaning of the story
  • Learn the story as a whole and not in fragments, without memorizing it.
  • Map out the story line:
    • Beginning: When the caracters are introduced,
    • Body: In which the plot gets to the climax
    • Resolution: Where the conflicts are solved
  • Characteristics of the narration:
    • Emphasis
    • Repetition
    • Transition
    • Pause
    • Proportion
  • Tricks to keep the attention:
    • Involvement or participation of listeners
    • Distinct changes in pace, voice or mood
    • Unusual or unexpected twist in narrations


Techniques

There are different techniques to conduct a storytelling session; here are illustrated, that uses the storytelling tool in different ways:

Technique 1

  • Introduce the workshop and the theme for storytelling. It's important to provide the participants a context on which they can reflect and that permits them to select the story they are going to tell.
  • Make participants reflect on a story and think about details of before, during and after.
  • Ask participants to form pair and to share the story they have prepared.
  • Ask the participant that is listening in each moment to interview the partner and fill the Story Template as a guide, so that as much details as possible will be collected.
  • Form bigger groups of two pairs, where each participant will tell the story that was previously told by the partner.
  • Make participants reflect on common points and contradditions of each one of the stories.
  • Ask every small group to present to the whole group their findings and conclusions.


Technique 2

  • Divide the participants in group of 6.
  • Ask the participant to think of a concrete and specific story, realted to the objectivo of the workshop or porject.
  • Each participant has 90 seconds to tell his own story.
  • When everyone has finished ask the participants to recall the story that they consider more powerful and to rember who told that story.
  • Ask the participant to change groups.
  • Ask them to tell their story again in 20 seconds, observing how it changes and improves in telling it again.
  • Repeat the task of thinking wich story they liked the most and who told it.
  • If there are many participants it's possible to create new groups and go on with the exercise.
  • Ask everyone to remember the person who told the most powerful story, go to that person and put the hand on his/her shoulder. A network of people will form, reaviling a few of high-impact stories.
  • Ask the people who told those stories to tell them again in fornt of the whole group.[2]


Job Aid

Word.png Storytelling Template



References

  1. ↑ www.personneltoday.com (17 July 2008), www.ijea.org(17 July 2008); www.daretoshare.ch/en (19 July 2008), www.odi.org.uk (19 July 2008)
  2. ↑ www.anecdote.com (2 April 2008), www.eldrbarry.net (1 September 2008), www.daretoshare.ch (1 September 2008)
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