Difference between revisions of "Learning Disability"
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<p> • Mathematics disability (dyscalculia) </p> | <p> • Mathematics disability (dyscalculia) </p> | ||
<p> • Writing disability (dysgraphia) </p> | <p> • Writing disability (dysgraphia) </p> | ||
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== '''What causes learning disabilities?''' == | == '''What causes learning disabilities?''' == | ||
A learning disability happens when a person's brain development is affected, either before they are born, during their birth or in early childhood. | A learning disability happens when a person's brain development is affected, either before they are born, during their birth or in early childhood. | ||
− | Several factors can affect brain development, including: | + | Several factors can affect brain development, including:<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_disability Learning Disability] (November 2013) </ref> |
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+ | **Heredity - Learning disabilities often run in the family. Children with learning disabilities are likely to have parents or other relatives with similar difficulties. | ||
+ | ** Problems during pregnancy and birth | ||
+ | *** Anomalies in the developing brain | ||
+ | *** Illness or injury | ||
+ | *** Fetal exposure to alcohol or drugs | ||
+ | *** Low birth weight | ||
+ | *** Oxygen deprivation | ||
+ | *** Premature or prolonged labor | ||
+ | *** Accidents after birth | ||
+ | *** Head injuries | ||
+ | *** Malnutrition | ||
+ | *** Toxic exposure (such as heavy metals or pesticides). | ||
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Sometimes, the causes for learning disabilities are not known | Sometimes, the causes for learning disabilities are not known | ||
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+ | {{Tool|Strategies to teach people with Learning Disabilities| | ||
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+ | Lee Swanson (1999) and his colleagues found two major intervention practices that produced large outcomes. One is direct instruction. The other is learning strategy instruction. | ||
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+ | Of particular interest was the work of the teachers who were applying those kinds of interventions. | ||
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+ | These teachers:<ref>[http://ldaamerica.org/successful-strategies-for-teaching-students-with-learning-disabilities/ Successful Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities] (October 2013) </ref> | ||
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+ | # broke learning into small steps | ||
+ | #administered probes; | ||
+ | #supplied regular quality feedback; | ||
+ | #used diagrams, graphics and pictures to augment what they were saying in words; | ||
+ | #provided ample independent, well-designed, intensive practice; | ||
+ | #modeled instructional practices that they wanted students to follow; | ||
+ | #provided prompts of strategies to use; and | ||
+ | #engaged students in process type questions like “How is that strategy working? Where else might you apply it?” | ||
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+ | Something else that seems to make a real difference is the practice of scaffolding. Start out with heavily teacher-mediated instruction -- explicit instruction – then as students begin to acquire the skill, moving down the continuum to more student-mediated instruction. | ||
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+ | }} | ||
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+ | {{Addlink | | ||
+ | Below you have a list of selected websites where you can find more information:}} | ||
+ | {|border=1 | ||
+ | !Link | ||
+ | !Content | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |[http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Childrenwithalearningdisability/Pages/Whatislearningdisability.aspx Children with learning disability] | ||
+ | |It explains what is a learning disabily, the level of disability and what causes them. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |[http://www.theguardian.com/society/2008/oct/01/learning.disability.personalised.care New technology holds the key to supporting people with learning disabilities] | ||
+ | |Article from The Guardian on how new technology and new approaches can help people with learning disabilities. | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |[http://www.thelearningdisabilitieself.net/about/ Learning disabilities Evidences and news] | ||
+ | |Latest learning disabilities evidence that is published each week. | ||
+ | |} | ||
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+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | <references/> |
Latest revision as of 16:27, 8 April 2014
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Learning Disabilities are neurological and psychological disorders manifested in difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing and reasoning skills. A learning disability is not the same as a learning difficulty or mental illness. Learning difficulty is a neurological problem.
• Speaking disability or Speech disorder • Reading disability (dyslexia) • Mathematics disability (dyscalculia) • Writing disability (dysgraphia) What causes learning disabilities?A learning disability happens when a person's brain development is affected, either before they are born, during their birth or in early childhood. Several factors can affect brain development, including:[1]
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Lee Swanson (1999) and his colleagues found two major intervention practices that produced large outcomes. One is direct instruction. The other is learning strategy instruction. Of particular interest was the work of the teachers who were applying those kinds of interventions.
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Below you have a list of selected websites where you can find more information: |
Link | Content |
---|---|
Children with learning disability | It explains what is a learning disabily, the level of disability and what causes them. |
New technology holds the key to supporting people with learning disabilities | Article from The Guardian on how new technology and new approaches can help people with learning disabilities. |
Learning disabilities Evidences and news | Latest learning disabilities evidence that is published each week. |
References
- ↑ Learning Disability (November 2013)
- ↑ Successful Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities (October 2013)